What is the Great Migration?
The migration follows a roughly circular path dictated by rainfall and the search for fresh grazing. Beginning in Tanzania's southern Serengeti, the herds move north towards the Masai Mara in Kenya and then return south, completing a cycle that plays out every year. The precise timing of the migration can vary from year to year due to changes in weather patterns, but the overall movement remains fairly predictable.
Key Events in the Migration
1. Calving Season (January - March): The migration is often thought to begin in the south of the Serengeti, near the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, where the wildebeests give birth to hundreds of thousands of calves. This time of year is ideal for travelers hoping to witness the arrival of newborns and the dramatic predator action that follows.
2. Rut and Movement North (April - June): As the rains end and the dry season sets in, in the southern Serengeti, the herds move northwest toward the Moru Kopjes and the Western Corridor to find greener pastures. By May, the wildebeest enter their rut, with males battling for the right to mate. They encounter their first river crossings at the Grumeti River, showcasing dramatic scenes as they bravely cross crocodile-infested waters.
3. Mara River Crossings (July - October): Perhaps the most famous part of the migration, the crossing of the Mara River, occurs during the dry season. This dramatic event, usually between July and August, is when wildebeests face the daunting challenge of crossing the crocodile-infested waters of the Mara River. The crossings are not only physically demanding but also perilous due to the presence of crocodiles and the lurking danger of predators like lions and hyenas.
4. Return South (November - December): As the rains return to the Serengeti, the herds begin their journey back south. By November, they are spread throughout the eastern and southern Serengeti, ready to begin the cycle anew.
Best Season to See The Great Wildebeest Migration
January to March: For the calving season, the southern Serengeti offers excellent opportunities to see large herds, newborn calves, and big predators like lions and cheetahs.
May to June: Head to the Western Corridor and Grumeti River for the first river crossings, as well as rutting season. This period is less crowded and offers excellent value.
July to October: The Mara River crossing is the most famous event of the migration, best viewed in the northern Serengeti or Kenya’s Masai Mara. This is peak safari season, so expect larger crowds but unforgettable experiences.
November to December: The migration begins moving south, and this is an excellent time to visit if you want to avoid the crowds. The herds are generally found in the central and southern Serengeti.
Best Places to See The Great Wildebeest Migration
Depending on the time of year, different areas within the Serengeti and Masai Mara offer prime locations for witnessing various stages of the Great Migration. In the southern Serengeti, camps located near the calving grounds provide excellent access to the dramatic birthing season, while the western regions offer perfect vantage points for observing the early river crossings and the intense rutting season. As the herds move north, camps in the northern Serengeti provide an ideal base for watching the iconic Mara River crossings, while in the Masai Mara, lodges along the river offer luxurious views of the wildebeest as they navigate the treacherous waters.What to Experience
Witnessing the herds in motion: Millions of wildebeests, zebras, and gazelles moving in unison across the plains. The magnitude and synchronized movements of the herds are an incredible sight.
River crossings: One of the most dramatic moments during the migration is when the herds brave treacherous river crossings. Watching the wildebeests take the plunge into crocodile-infested waters and battling strong currents is an adrenaline-pumping experience.
Predatory encounters: Predators such as lions, cheetahs, and hyenas closely follow the migrating herds, making it an excellent opportunity to witness thrilling predator-prey interactions.
Tips to Plan a Trip During Wildebeest Migration
- Research and plan in advance: The Wildebeest Migration is a popular attraction, so it's advisable to plan your trip well in advance. Secure accommodations, safari tours, and flights early to ensure availability.
- Choose Mobile Camps: For the most immersive experience, mobile camps follow the herds and provide you with front-row access to the migration.
- Choose a reputable tour operator: To maximize your experience, consider booking a safari tour with a knowledgeable and experienced operator who understands the migration patterns and can guide you to the best locations for wildlife sightings.
- Be flexible with your travel dates: As the migration is dependent on weather patterns and the movements of the herds, it's essential to have some flexibility in your travel dates. This increases the chances of witnessing significant migration events.
- Pack appropriate gear: Ensure you pack appropriate clothing for varying weather conditions, including light layers, rain gear, sunscreen, and insect repellent. Don't forget your binoculars, camera, and extra memory cards to capture those unforgettable moments.
- Seek expert advice: Consult with travel experts or locals who have experienced the migration firsthand. They can provide valuable insights and recommendations based on their knowledge and experiences.
