Malia Palace Archaeological Site, Crete - Timings, Entry Fees

Malia Palace Archaeological Site, Crete Overview

Malia Palace Archaeological Site is a historical site that was once the third-largest Minoan palace after Knossos and Phaistos. It is located a few kilometres east of the seaside town of Malia. The archaeological site covers 7,500 square meters and shows signs of human activity dating back to the Neolithic period (6000-3000 BCE).

The palace and surrounding town were first excavated in 1915 by Joseph Hadzidakis and later by the French Archaeological School, which continues to work on the site. The excavations have uncovered extensive remains of the palace and town, providing insights into Minoan urban planning and daily life. Early Minoan structures, possibly dating to around 2600-2300 BCE, have been uncovered beneath the later palace. The first monumental architecture at Malia may not have been a palace but rather a large open space for communal or ritual activities. Apart from the Minoan Palace, other structures have garnered the interests of historians and tourists. What survives today mainly dates back to the Middle Bronze Age, as evident from the architecture. Many artefacts unearthed at the site, such as the famous gold bee pendant and other Minoan items, are exhibited at the Heraklion Archaeological Museum.

History of Malia Palace

The Old Palace

The construction of the first palace is traditionally dated to around 1900 BCE during the Middle Minoan (MM) IB period, reflecting the emergence of a powerful elite on Crete. This era saw advancements in pottery, writing, specialized crafts, urbanization, and long-distance trade. However, the exact timeline of the palace's construction is debated among archaeologists. Some believe it began in the EM III-MM IA period, suggesting earlier origins, while others argue for a later start. The old palace was ultimately destroyed around 1700 BCE, likely by an earthquake.

The New Palace

Around 1650 BCE, the second palace was built on the ruins of the old one. This structure, whose remains are visible today, retained much of the original layout and function. It continued to serve as a center for religious, political, and economic activities until its destruction around 1450 BCE, possibly due to another earthquake. The second palace displayed typical Minoan architectural features, such as a central courtyard, grand staircases, and storage magazines.

Architectural Features and Discoveries

Central Court: To the northwest, there is a large area/court called 'Agora', surrounded by several buildings. This central court, oriented north-south and measuring 48 by 23 meters, was the focal point of the palace. It was lined with porticoes and featured an altar unique to Malia. This court likely hosted various ceremonial activities.

Storage Magazines: To the east of the central court were well-preserved storage magazines. These contained large pithoi (storage jars) and channels designed to collect spilled liquids, indicating advanced storage and management systems.

The Loggia and Grand Staircase: On the north side of the west wing was the "Loggia," believed to be used for religious rites. Behind it was the treasure room, and nearby was the grand staircase, leading to a first-floor room likely of religious significance.

Pillar Crypt: The pillar crypt, accessible from the main hall, featured pillars with double axe engravings, hinting at its religious importance. The existence of similar crypts in other Minoan sites supports this interpretation.