Hal Saflieni Hypogeum, Valletta Overview
The Hal Saflieni Hypogeum is an ancient underground burial site located in Paola, Malta. Dating back to approximately 4000 BC, it is among the world's oldest and best-preserved subterranean structures. The Hypogeum was used both as a sanctuary and a necropolis, with archaeologists estimating that it once contained the remains of over 7,000 individuals.
Discovered accidentally in 1902 during construction work, the Hypogeum offers a unique glimpse into Malta's Neolithic period. Its intricate system of chambers, halls, and passages was meticulously carved into the limestone using rudimentary tools. The site's architecture mirrors that of contemporary megalithic temples found above ground, showcasing the advanced craftsmanship of its builders.
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Architectural Features
Upper Level: Believed to be the earliest section, featuring natural caves that were later expanded.
Middle Level: Contains the most elaborate carvings and includes notable chambers such as the Main Chamber, the Oracle Room—renowned for its exceptional acoustics—and the Decorated Room, adorned with red ochre spiral motifs.
Lower Level: The deepest part, consisting of a maze of chambers, possibly used for storage or additional burials.
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