Afrosiyab Settlement

The Afrosiyab Settlement in Samarkand is one of the earliest settlements that traces its roots back to the middle of the first millennium BC, when it was initially fortified. Today, Afrasiyab stands as an area of uninhabited hills bordering the northern side of the modern city. It holds well-preserved remnants of ancient civilization, including ruins of palaces, temples, and residential buildings. Visitors can explore the remnants of ancient walls, pottery, and artifacts that provide insight into the lifestyle and culture of the people who lived there.

Archaeological exploration of Afrasiyab began in the late 18th century, shortly after Central Asia came under Russian rule. During excavations, it was revealed that the city of Afrosiyab comprised a fortified area, an inner city, and surrounding outskirts. Within the inner city, archaeologists unearthed residential neighborhoods alongside artisan quarters. Notably, they discovered a mosque and remnants of the palace of Samarkand ruler from 7th-8th centuries. subsequent excavations have revealed Afrosiyab's pivotal role as one of the largest commercial and cultural hubs in Central Asia long before modern times. The discoveries include an array of artifacts such as exquisite clay pottery, terracotta figurines, ossuary fragments, glassware, tools, jewelry, and coins.